Long‐term subjective tongue function after partial glossectomy

There have been limited studies of subjective tongue function over long‐term follow‐up in spite of swallowing and articulation disorders are common complications of glossectomy. To assess long‐term subjective swallowing and articulation function after partial glossectomy. A total of 63 patients with the mobile tongue cancer who underwent partial glossectomy without reconstruction were interviewed to score their swallowing and articulation function on a 100‐point scale. The relation of this subjective scoring to the perioperative data was subjected to multivariate analysis. The mean patient age was 53·4 (19–81) years, and the mean follow‐up duration was 78·9 (14–277) months. Mean swallowing and articulation function score was 87·7 ± 6·1 and 88·6 ± 5·4. Age, follow‐up duration, T stage and resection volume were significantly correlated with swallowing function (P = 0·026, 0·029, 0·016, 0·002, respectively); follow‐up duration was correlated with articulation function (P = 0·039). Patients who undergo partial glossectomy without reconstruction generally demonstrate good function on long‐term follow‐up. Subjective dysfunction was correlated with larger resection volume, older age and shorter follow‐up duration.     

临床路径在可摘局部义齿修复游离端牙列缺失患者中的应用价值

摘要:目的 研究临床路径在可摘局部义齿修复游离端牙列缺失患者中的应用价值。方法 选择 130 例肯氏 Ⅰ、 Ⅱ类牙列缺损患者, 按口腔内余留牙和牙槽嵴黏膜条件相近、 肯氏分类及亚类相同的 2 例为一对, 分为 65 对, 均分为临床路径组和传统修复组。比较 2 组的适应期调改次数, 适应期结束后咀嚼是否有力, 咀嚼时游离端基托是否存在肉眼可见活动度、 基牙龋坏、 基齿松动和食物嵌塞情况。结果 临床路径组在适应期调改次数低于传统方法组［1.0 （1.0, 2.0） 次 vs. 3.0 （2.0, 4.0） 次］; 适应期结束后调改后咀嚼有力的比例 （93.85% vs. 76.96%） 高于传统方法组, 出现肉眼可见动度 （0 vs. 15.38%）、 基牙龋坏 （1.54% vs. 13.85%）、 基牙松动 （0 vs. 12.31%） 及食物嵌塞 （1.54% vs. 15.38%）比例均低于传统方法组 （均 P＜0.05）。结论 临床路径可以提高可摘局部义齿的固位和稳定, 遵循临床路径方法制作可摘局部义齿能够减小功能状态下义齿的不稳定性, 具有良好的推广前景。     

基于液相色谱-质谱技术的乳腺癌转移相关 代谢标志物的筛选

摘要：目的 应用代谢组学技术筛选与乳腺癌转移相关的代谢标志物。方法 收集100例乳腺癌患者和50例 健康志愿者的血清标本,采用高效液相色谱-轨道离子阱质谱联用（HPLC-LTQ Orbitrap XL MS）代谢组学研究平台分 析乳腺癌未转移患者、乳腺癌转移患者和健康人群血清标本的代谢轮廓,并通过模式识别方法结合非参数检验对数 据进行分析。结果 由乳腺癌未转移组、乳腺癌转移组和健康对照组的代谢轮廓构建的正交偏最小二乘判别分析 （OPLS-DA）模型具有很好的判别能力（R2=95.2%,Q2=86.7%）,可以鉴别出用于区分乳腺癌转移与否的8个代谢标志 物,包括溶血磷脂酸［18∶1（9Z）/0∶0］、溶血磷脂酰胆碱（18∶0）、溶血磷脂酰胆碱［20∶3（5Z,8Z,11Z）］、胆碱、磷酸二羟 丙酮（18∶0e）、2R,3S-番石榴酸、芥酸、L-氢化乳清酸。结论 利用代谢组学方法获得的血清代谢轮廓可以用来构建 区分模型和寻找乳腺癌转移相关的代谢标志物,为乳腺癌的早期诊治、预后评估和药物治疗靶点的选择提供支持和 依据。     

A unified partial likelihood approach for X‐chromosome association on time‐to‐event outcomes

The expression of X‐chromosome undergoes three possible biological processes: X‐chromosome inactivation (XCI), escape of the X‐chromosome inactivation (XCI‐E), and skewed X‐chromosome inactivation (XCI‐S). Although these expressions are included in various predesigned genetic variation chip platforms, the X‐chromosome has generally been excluded from the majority of genome‐wide association studies analyses; this is most likely due to the lack of a standardized method in handling X‐chromosomal genotype data. To analyze the X‐linked genetic association for time‐to‐event outcomes with the actual process unknown, we propose a unified approach of maximizing the partial likelihood over all of the potential biological processes. The proposed method can be used to infer the true biological process and derive unbiased estimates of the genetic association parameters. A partial likelihood ratio test statistic that has been proved asymptotically chi‐square distributed can be used to assess the X‐chromosome genetic association. Furthermore, if the X‐chromosome expression pertains to the XCI‐S process, we can infer the correct skewed direction and magnitude of inactivation, which can elucidate significant findings regarding the genetic mechanism. A population‐level model and a more general subject‐level model have been developed to model the XCI‐S process. Finite sample performance of this novel method is examined via extensive simulation studies. An application is illustrated with implementation of the method on a cancer genetic study with survival outcome.     

Bayesian inference for unidirectional misclassification of a binary response trait

When assessing association between a binary trait and some covariates, the binary response may be subject to unidirectional misclassification. Unidirectional misclassification can occur when revealing a particular level of the trait is associated with a type of cost, such as a social desirability or financial cost. The feasibility of addressing misclassification is commonly obscured by model identification issues. The current paper attempts to study the efficacy of inference when the binary response variable is subject to unidirectional misclassification. From a theoretical perspective, we demonstrate that the key model parameters possess identifiability, except for the case with a single binary covariate. From a practical standpoint, the logistic model with quantitative covariates can be weakly identified, in the sense that the Fisher information matrix may be near singular. This can make learning some parameters difficult under certain parameter settings, even with quite large samples. In other cases, the stronger identification enables the model to provide more effective adjustment for unidirectional misclassification. An extension to the Poisson approximation of the binomial model reveals the identifiability of the Poisson and zero‐inflated Poisson models. For fully identified models, the proposed method adjusts for misclassification based on learning from data. For binary models where there is difficulty in identification, the method is useful for sensitivity analyses on the potential impact from unidirectional misclassification.     

安宫牛黄丸HPLC指纹图谱及化学模式识别分析

目的:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)建立安宫牛黄丸的指纹图谱,结合化学模式识别对其质量进行评价。方法:采用HPLC,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长230 nm,对10批安宫牛黄丸样品进行指纹图谱研究,通过相似度分析并结合主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)对安宫牛黄丸的质量进行评价。结果:10批样品相似度均0.9,标定了25个色谱峰为共有峰,通过对照品比较指认了其中10个色谱峰。通过PCA发现不同年份样品存在微小差异,进一步采用OPLS-DA发现了影响不同年份样品产生差异的14种成分,包括盐酸巴马汀、黄芩素、表小檗碱、栀子苷、盐酸小檗碱、黄连碱、汉黄芩素等。结论:建立的分析方法简便、准确、可靠,指纹图谱结合化学模式识别分析可更好地评价安宫牛黄丸的质量,为该制剂的质量控制提供科学依据。